Future Tense

How English expresses the future

English uses helper structures — there is no single “future conjugation.”

FormUseExample
will + verbneutral future, decisionsShe will call you.
going to + verbplanned or predictable futureI’m going to eat later.
present continuousscheduled near futureWe are meeting at 3.
simple presentscheduled eventsThe train leaves at 5.

English future examples

SentenceForm
I will finish tomorrow.will
She is going to call you.going to
He will be there.will
We are going to move.going to
The meeting starts at 9.simple present
They will know soon.will
I am going to study tonight.going to
She will decide later.will
We will see what happens.will
He is going to buy a car.going to

How Spanish expresses the future

Spanish has two main ways:

MethodStructureCommon use
Simple futureconjugated verb (new endings)formal, predictions, spontaneous
ir + a + infinitivevoy/vas/va + a + infinitiveeveryday speech, plans, near future

In everyday spoken Spanish, ir + a + infinitive is far more common than the simple future. The simple future sounds more formal or is used for predictions.


Method 1: ir + a + infinitive (going-to construction)

Conjugate ir (to go), add a, then the infinitive. The main verb doesn’t change.

Subjectir+ a+ infinitiveEnglish
yovoyahablarI’m going to speak
vasacomeryou’re going to eat
él/ellavaavivirhe/she is going to live
nosotrosvamosaestudiarwe’re going to study
vosotrosvaisatrabajaryou all are going to work
ellosvanasalirthey’re going to leave

ir + a examples in sentences

SpanishEnglish
Yo voy a llamarte mañana.I’m going to call you tomorrow.
Ella va a estudiar esta noche.She’s going to study tonight.
Ellos van a llegar tarde.They’re going to arrive late.
¿Vas a comer algo?Are you going to eat something?
Nosotros vamos a salir a las 8.We’re going to leave at 8.
Él va a comprar un coche nuevo.He’s going to buy a new car.
Yo voy a aprender español.I’m going to learn Spanish.
¿Van a venir mañana?Are they going to come tomorrow?
Ella va a terminar el proyecto.She’s going to finish the project.
Vamos a comer juntos.We’re going to eat together.

Method 2: Simple future (conjugated)

Add endings directly to the full infinitive (all 3 verb classes share the same endings).

SubjectEnding
yo-é
-ás
él/ella/usted-á
nosotros-emos
vosotros-éis
ellos/ustedes-án

Simple future: hablar (to speak)

SubjectFormEnglish
yohablaréI will speak
hablarásyou will speak
él/ellahablaráhe/she will speak
nosotroshablaremoswe will speak
vosotroshablaréisyou all will speak
elloshablaránthey will speak

Simple future in sentences

SpanishEnglish
Te llamaré mañana.I will call you tomorrow.
Ella vivirá en Madrid.She will live in Madrid.
Ellos llegarán tarde.They will arrive late.
Nosotros hablaremos con el jefe.We will speak with the boss.
¿Tú vendrás a la fiesta?Will you come to the party?
Él sabrá la verdad.He will know the truth.
Yo haré todo lo posible.I will do everything possible.
¿Habrá tiempo?Will there be time?
podrás hacerlo.You will be able to do it.
Ella querrá saber.She will want to know.

Irregular simple future stems

These verbs use an irregular stem but still add the same endings.

InfinitiveIrregular stemyo form
tenertendr-tendré
venirvendr-vendré
ponerpondr-pondré
salirsaldr-saldré
poderpodr-podré
quererquerr-querré
sabersabr-sabré
haberhabr-habrá
hacerhar-haré
decirdir-diré

Irregular future in sentences

SpanishEnglish
No tendré tiempo.I won’t have time.
Ella vendrá mañana.She will come tomorrow.
¿Dónde pondrás esto?Where will you put this?
Él podrá ayudarte.He will be able to help you.
¿Sabrás la respuesta?Will you know the answer?
Haré lo que pueda.I will do what I can.
¿Querrán venir?Will they want to come?
Saldremos a las 9.We will leave at 9.
Ella dirá la verdad.She will tell the truth.
Habrá muchas personas.There will be many people.

Comparing the two future forms

ir + aSimple futureNuance
Voy a comer.Comeré.both = “I will eat”; ir+a feels more immediate
Va a llover.Lloverá.prediction — both work; ir+a is more conversational
Vamos a hablar.Hablaremos.plan — both work; simple future is more formal

Common mistakes

  • ❌ Using present tense for all future → ✅ use ir + a + inf. for most spoken situations
  • ❌ Conjugating the second verb in ir + a: voy a como → ✅ voy a comer — keep the infinitive
  • ❌ Adding future endings to the stem (not the infinitive): habl-é → ✅ hablaré — add to the full infinitive
  • ❌ Forgetting irregular stems: poneré → ✅ pondré

Summary

  • Two future forms: ir + a + infinitive (conversational) and simple future (conjugated)
  • ir + a + infinitive: conjugate ir, add a, then the unchanged infinitive
  • Simple future: add endings directly to the full infinitive — same endings for all 3 verb classes
  • 10 common verbs have irregular future stems (tendr-, vendr-, har-, dir-, etc.)

See also: Conditional — “would” — uses the same irregular stems.
See also: Future & Conditional Tables — all forms at a glance.